Vacuum pump



Sept. 27, 1932. PETER 1,879,947

VACUUM PUMP Filed Juli; s, 1950 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 J3 J7 J2 Patented Sept.27, 1932 NT, a sac JOSEPH PETER, on LYONS, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR OFTHIRTYPER CENT T0 EUGENE nussnn AND THIRTY PER GENT TO nEI -IHoLn A. KOPP,BOTH or CHICAGO, ILLINOIS VACUUM PUMP Application filed July 3, 1930Serial No. 465,463.

- tured along lines convenient for low cost production, and which willbe highly efficient for carryin out the purposes for which it isdesigned.

A further object of this invention is to provide a vacuum pump of thecharacter described, which is adapted to be disposed for operationwithin a stationary casing, the op crating mechanism of said pump beingcarried as a unit by a cover member for said stationary casing wherebythe said a pumping mechanism may be easily assembled or disas- 1 sembledby merely removing the said cover member from the casing.

A still further object of this invention is .to .7

provide a vacuum pump of the piston type which is adapted to be disposedwithin a stationary casing'for operationtherein, all of said pumpingmechanism being, carried as a unit on a single plate member which. isadapted for closing said casing, said cover member being detachablysecured to said casing whereby the same may be readily removed togetherwith all of said pump mechanism to facilitate in the assembly anddisassembly of the same.

A still further object of the invention is to provide a vacuum pump ofthe piston type, all of the operating mechanism of which is carried as aunit on a single plate member which is detachably secured to astationary casing for closing the same, said casing being provided witha-supply of ,oil'or the like whereby the said pumping mechanism will besuitably sealed, said pumping mechanism comprising an adjustably mountedcylinder the lower portion of which is suitably closed'by a cylinderhead provided with an opening in its central portion, saidopening beingclosed by an 'tionary casing within adjustable spring-pressed valve, apiston adapted .forreciprocation within said cylinder, means forreciprocating said piston, openings provided in said cylinderintermediate the ends thereof for establishing communica- 7. tionbetween said cylinder and the chamber to be exhausted, said piston beingadapted for opening and closing said last mentioned openings during itsrecipro Ja'ting movement within the cylinder.

A still further object of this invention is to provide, in a vacuum pumpof the character described, comprising a cylinder and a piston adaptedfor reciprocal movement within said cylinder, of means foradjustablymounting said cylinder with respect to said piston.

A still further object of this invention is to provide a vacuum pump ofthe character described, having an adjustably mounted cylinder and apiston adapted forreciprocal movement within said cylinder, saidcylinder and 7 piston being carried as a unit by a single plate memberwhichis adapted for closing a sta which said pumping mechanism isdisposed. y Y A still further object of this invention is tov provide avacuum pump of the character described, comprising a cylinder and apiston adapted for rec procal movement within said cylinder, thelowerportion of said cylinderv being closed by a spring-pressedremovablehead which is adapted to be acted upon by the said piston to move thesame for the purpose of exhausting the'said cylinder.

A still further object of this inventionis to provide a multiple stagevacuum pump of the piston type comprising a plurality ofcylinders'connected in series, pistons adapted for reciprocal ,movementwithin said cylinders, one of said cylinders being, in com municationwith the chamber to-be exhausted, andthe other of said cylinders beingin communication with said first mentioned cylinder whereby the airexhausted from the chamber will passfrom'the first cylinder into thesecond cylinder from which itwill be exhausted into a supply of oil' orthe like.

F/Viththe' foregoing and other objects in view, which will appear as thedescription proceeds, the invention consists injcertain novel featuresof construction, arrangement and combination of parts, hereinafter morefully described, illustrated in the accompanying drawings andparticularly pointed out in the appended claims, it being understoodthat various changes in the form, proportion, size and minor details ofthe structure may be made without departing from the spirit orsacrificing any of the advantages of the inthroughout the severalfigures of the draw- Figure 1 1s a longitudinalsectional view of avacuum, pump of the piston type, embodying the principles of the presentinvention; V

Figure 2 is a sectional view of the modified form of cylinderconstruction; and

Figure 3 is a sectional View of a still further modified constructionshowing the cyl- 'inders of a multiple stage vacuum pump connected inseries.

' Referringto the drawings'more specifically by characters of reference,the numeral designates a casing or housing constructed of any suitablematerial, such as cast iron or the like, and is adapted for: receivingand storing a supply of oil 11, or the like, for the purpose of sealinga pumping mechanism from atmospheric pressure. A suitable stand 12 isprovided to which the said casing or housinglO is detachably secured bymeans of the screws 13 or the'like, The stand 12 is particularly adaptedfor use when the said pump is to be mounted on a woodenbase or the like;said stand may bedispensed with when the saidcasing is disposed ormounted p on a metal base,s uch for example as iron or the like. Oneside of said casinglO is open, and isadapted to be closedby, a suitablecover or plate member 14 which may be constructed of any suitablematerial, said cover orplate member being detachably secured-in place tothe casing by means of the screws 15 ,"there being interposed a suitable"gasket 16 between said plate member and casing for suitably sealing theinside of said casing against the leakage of oil therefrom.

Adjacent the lowermost portion of said cover or plate member 14- isprovided an' inward extension 17 upon which extension is adjustablymounted, by means of the screws 18 and lock nuts 19, the cylinder 20.Said "the valve chamber 27.

cylinder is provided with a head 21 at its lower portion, said headbeing mounted on the screws 18 for supporting the cylinder in positionwithin the casing 10. The head 21 is provided with a central opening 22which opening is adapted to be closed by a valve 23, said valve beingdisposed within a suitable valve chamber 24 provided within the underside ofcthe cylinder head 21.

'1. The valve 23 comprises an annular flat valve head 25 providedintermediate the ends thereof, said valve head 25 having a suitablegasket or washer 26 provided on the upper face thereof for securelysealing the opening 22 against the passage of any oil into N I The valvestem 28 of said valve 23 has'the lower endthereof received for, slightsliding' movement within anenlarged screw-threaded member 29 whichextends through a central threaded opening provided in a bracket30,;which bracket is secured to the cylinder head 21 by means of thescrews 31,. A nut 32 is threaded on the free end of said member- 29 forlocking the same in adjusted position. A suitable coil spring. 33 iswound around the valve stem 28, saidspringhavin'g the ends thereofhearing against the under side of the valve head 26 and the screw 29.The spring 33 is adapted to force the valvehead 25 against its seat.

A piston 34 of any suitable material, is disposed within the cylinderchamber 27 and is adapted for reciprocal movement therein.

If desired, a suitable piston ring 35 may be provided on said piston forinsuring a tight fit between said, piston and cylinder. The

i upper portion of the piston 34 is provided with a pair of upstandingears'or lugs '36 between which is received a connecting rod 37 to whichthe piston 34 is secured by means of the'wrist pin 38, said wrist pinbeing constructed of any suitable material, such as steel or the like.The upper portion of the connecting rod 37' is provided with aneccentric 39, said cam being "suitably secured by meansof the taperpin-4O or the like, to the shaft 41. The size of said eccentric 39 may,be varied inorder to vary the stroke of the iston. 1 g

' 'The shaft 41 is suitably journalled in bearings' 42 and 43, theformerbeing provided on the inner wall of the casing 10, and the other bearing43 being provided inthe cover plate 14. Said bearings maybe constructedof any suitable materialsuch as bronze or the like. The bearing 43 isprovided with suitable packing material 44, said packing material beingcompressed and held in place by means of the packing-nut 45 threaded onthe shaft 41 inorder to prevent leakage of the oil through saidbearing'during the operation of the pump); The free end of the shaft 41jisad apted to extend beyond the cover plate .14 and'ha s mlounteclthereon and securely locked thereto a pulley 46, which is connected inany suitable and wellknown manner to some suitable source of power suchfor example as an electric motor or the like, for driving or rotatingthe shaft 41.

The cylinder chamber 2? is provided intermediate the ends thereof withan inlet port -or ports 47 which connect the said chamber 149 tofacilitate theconnection thereto of a rubber hose or the lire. The upperendof the pipe 48 is adapted to extend through a suitable packing nut 50disposed or threaded into an opening provided in the upper wall of thecasing 10, said packing nut being provided with a bored-out chamber 51within which is adapted to be received a supply of oil for suitablysealing the opening through which the pipe 48 extends; A suitable washer5270f packing material or the-like, may be provided around the pipe 48adjacent the packing nut 50 to prevent the leaking of any oil out of thecasing when the said pump is used for pressure or inthe transportationof the device. v

To reinforce the casing 10, inwardly extending annular ribs 53 may beprovided on the inner wall thereof, said ribs being sin"- ably spacedfrom each other. The casing 10,

as already stated, is adapted to receive a supply of oil, tl1e level ofwhich may be main tained at a point adjacent the plug 54 said plugclosing the opening through which the said casing may be filled. A drainopening 55 is also provided adjacent the lower por tion of said casing,said opening being closed by a suitable plug '56. A suitable opening 57is provided in the top wall of the casing 10 to permit the escape of theair from the top portion of said casing. t will be. noted that the oillevel is maintained at a point sufficiently. high to completely immersethe pumping unit consisting of the cylinder 20 and the piston 34.

In operation of the embodiment so far described, the openings 4-? aredisposed substantially at a point where the piston 34 will be at deadcenter on its upward stroke. After the piston has passed said openings arush of air will be passed into the chamber 27 below the'piston 34, saidrush of air being caused by the production of avacuum in saidlchamberbecause of the upward movement of the piston 34. Uponthe downward"stroke of the piston thesaid openings 4? will be sealed as soon as thepiston passes over the same thus compressing the air within the chamber2? and forcing the same out through the opening 22 by moving t is valve7 head 26 against theaction of the spring 33,

said air being passed into the supply of oil and eventually escapingthrough the opening 57 provided in the top wall of the casing 10. Byrepeatedoperations of the said piston Within its chamber a veryhighdegree of vacuum may be produced within the chamher being exhausted.

In the modified construction illustrated in Figure 2 of the drawings,the principle of operationis substantially the same as the embodimentillustrated in Figure 1, with the eX' ception that the exhaust means forthe cylinder is provided by means of a movable cylinder. head which isnormally springpressed against the bottom of the cylinder to make asubstantially fluid tight joint therewith. In this modification thecover plate 14 has detachably'secured thereto, by means of the screw 60,an inwardly extending plate or bracket 17 upon which are mounted thestubs 61, said stubs being adjustably mounted on said bracket 1'? andlocked inany adjustable position by :means of the lock nuts 62. Theupper portionof saidistuds 61 are provided with the reduced threadedportions 63, which portions are threaded into the annular wall of thecylinder 64. The intermediate portions e of said studs 61are-adapted toreceive for sliding movement thereon, the cylinder head 65, said headbeing provided with bored-out portions 66 on the under. side thereofsurrounding the studs6l. A coiled spring 67'is disposed on the saidintermediate portions of the studs161, said springs surrounding saidstuds and having their ends bearing against the upper lock nuts 62 andthe under side of the bored-out portions 66. V v I The upper face ofthecylinderhead 65 is finished off so as to provide a fluid-tight fitwiththe lowermost edge of the cylinder wall 64, said springs 67 normallyforcing said cylinder head against the cylinder wall. The piston 34,which may be provided with the piston ring 35, is disposed within saidcylinder 64 for reciprocal movement therein, said piston being actuatedby the same mechanism illustrated in Figurel. The opening- 68 isprovided in the side wall of the cylinder 64 intermediate the endsthereof,said opening being similar-t0 the openings 47, and is connectedwith the pipe 48 which leads to the chamber to be exhausted. e

It will be noted that in the operation of the modified form illustratedin Figure 2 upon the upward stroke of the piston 34 a vacuum will becreated in the cylinder chamber, and as soon as the piston uncovers theopening 68 a supply of air will rush into the said chamher, which airwill be compressed on the downward-stroke of the piston and forced outof said chamber when said pistonhas enment of the cylinder head 65 awayfrom the cylinder wall 64 ,will providean escape for the exhausting ofthe air from the cylinder vacuum pump. In this modification the specificconstruction of cylinder 70is similar to that of cylinder 20 in Figure1, and the construction of cylinder 71 is similar to that of cylinder 64in Figure 2, the latter cylinder being provided with the loosebottom,and is connected by means of a pipe 72 with the chamber 73 intowhich the air from the first cylinder is adapted to be exhausted. ,Thesaid chamber 73' is connected by means of a port 7 6 with the chamberwithin which the exhaust valve 23 is disposed. Y

The chamber 7 3 is provided within the bracket30, which is secured bymeansof the screws 31 to the cylinder head 21, said chamber being closedat its lower end by means of a suitable plug 7 t into which is threadedone end of the pipe 7 2, the other end of said pipe being connected tothe opening 75 provided in the cylinder 71 intermediate the endsthereof. The two pumps are connected in series so that when the firststage piston is disposed above the opening 47, the second stage pistonwill be disposed in its lowermost position for exhausting the air fromthe cylinder 71 into the casing 10. In order to maintain the operationof said pistons in any desired relation, the same are connected to theshaft 41 by means of a pair'of cams (not shown) disposed one oppositethe other.

In the operation of the modified form shown in Figure 3, upon the upwardmovement of the first stage piston a supply of air will be drawn intothe, cylinder chamber 70, which supply of air will beforced into thechamber 78 by the downward movement of said piston, from which chamberit will be drawn into the cylinderTl by the upward movement of thesecondstage piston. Upon the downward movement of the said second stagepiston the said supply of air will be exhausted from said chamber whenthe piston has engaged the cylinder head and moved the same against theaction of the springs 67 away from the cylinder wall 71. p

It will thus be noted that I haveprovlded a vacuum pump which will notonly be capable of producing a high degree of vacuum but is alsoconstructed along lines convenient for low cost production, and whichpermits of ready and quick assembly and disassembly. Also, it willbe-noted that all of the operating mechanism is suitably mounted on thesingle cover member 1 whereby the same may be readily removed for easyaccess to the operating parts of the pumping mechanism in order torepair or replace the same. 7

It is believed that my invention, its mode of construction and operationand assembly, and many of its advantages should be readily understoodfrom the foregoing without further description, and should also bemanifest that while preferred embodiments of the invention have beenshown and described for illustrative purposes, the details ofconstruction are, nevertheless, capable of wide variation within thepurview of my invention as defined in the appendedclaims.

What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United Statesis 1. A device of the character described, comprising a stationarycasing adapted for holding a supply of oil, a removable closure memberfor said casing and a pumping mechanism comprising an adjustably mountedcylinder having intake and exhaust openings disposedcentrally withinsaid casing, and a piston adapted for reciprocal movement within saidcylinder, said pumping mechanism being completely immersed within'saidsupply of oil, and being carried by said closure member whereby saidpumping mechanism will form a unitary structure therewith so as topermit the removal of the same from or the disposition within the casingas a single unit.

2. A device of the character described, comprising in combination acasing adapted for holding a supply of oil, a removable-closure memberfor the side of said casing, said closure member having an inwardextension upon which is adjustably mounted a cylinder providedwith'intake and exhaust openings, and a piston adapted for reciprocalmovement within said cylinder, said piston being 7 adapted to cover anduncover said inlet opening during its reciprocal movement, a shaft fordriving saidpiston, a bearing for said shaft provided in said closuremember, whereby said shaft, pumping mechanism and closure member willform a unitary structure to permit the removal and disposition ofthesame within the casing as a single unit, said cylinder and piston beingcompletely immersed within said supply of oil.

, 3. A device of the character described, comprising a casing adaptedfor holding a supply of oil, a removable side closure memher for saidcasing, and pumping mechanism disposed centrally within said casing andimmersed within said supply of oil, said pumpingmechanism comprising acylinder having intake and exhaust openings and a piston forreciprocating movement within 1 said cylinder, and means for drivingsaid piston, all of said pumping mechanism and driving means beingcarried by said -.side cover member to form a unitary structuretherewith, whereby thesame may be removed from or disposed within thecasing as a single unit.

4. A device of the character described comprising in combination acasing adapted, for holding a supply of oil, a side closure member forsaid casing, an inward extension provided on said side closure memberand being adapted for adjustably supporting thereon a pumping mechanismincluding a cylinder having an inlet and exhaust opening, and a pistonadapted for reciprocating movement within said cylinder, a shaft fordriving said piston, said shaft being journalled in a bearing providedtherefor on saidv side closure member, said shaft and pumping mechanismbeing connected to said side closure member so as to form a unitarystructure therewith whereby the same may be removed from or disposedwithin the casing as a single unit.

In witness whereof I aflix my signature.

JOSEPH PETER.

